Jul 03, 2018 the proportion and concentration of the chemical, mixture or solution. This video series presents a strong introduction on the application of. Some industrial plants, by the nature of their activities and the substances they use, constitute hazards which are all the greater when they are located close to residential areas for these and their residents are particularly exposed in the events for accidents. Chemical industry, complex of processes, operations, and organizations engaged in the manufacture of chemicals and their derivatives. Industrial hazards are threats to people and lifesupport systems that arise from the mass production of goods and services. Persistence towards these elimination mechanisms combined with toxicity gives the substance the ability to do damage in the long term. Niosh pocket guide to chemical hazards 2005149 3rd printing.
While chemical hazards are often associated with major hazard facilities1 and chemical transport, they are ubiquitous in workplaces and so are within the scope of practice of all. Watrous fromthe abbott laboratories, north chicago, illinois, u. Not only have these, transportation of hazardous chemicals. Industrial hazards and safety measures pharmatutor. Industrial hazards and plant safety pdf free download. There have been several instances of major industrial disasters related to the use of chemicals. These toxins can cause illness and may lead to death. Jan 22, 2014 contents of the powerpoint on industrial hazards and safety measures include. Industrial hazards and safety precautions authorstream presentation. The international federation of the red cross has es. Chemical hazard communication 4 how can workplace hazards be minimized.
Chemical releases arise from technological incidents, impact of natural hazards. Safety and health topics osha assistance for the cleaning. They include unsafe conditions that can cause injury, illness, and death. There are many types of hazardous chemicals, including neurotoxins, immune agents, dermatologic agents, carcinogens, reproductive toxins, systemic toxins, asthmagens.
Chemical hazards, industrial hazard, organic solvent, hazardous gases. Management of chemical hazards requires the combined efforts. As new industries develop, existing industries expand, and new technology is introduced, the environment is increasingly placed at risk and hazards to human health arise. Received for publication, november 25, 1946 in recent years the pharmaceutical industry has cometooccupyauniqueposition in regard to problems ofindustrial hygiene and toxicology. Chemical hazards in industry is a literature updating service providing information on safety and health hazards surrounding chemicals encountered in chemical and related industries, including topics such as health and safety, chemical and biological hazards, plant safety, legislation, protective equipment and storage. Industrial safety refers to the protection of workers from the danger of industrial accidents. The niosh pocket guide to chemical hazards npg informs workers, employers, and occupational health professionals about workplace chemicals and their hazards. Chemical formulae or short forms must not be used for labelling chemical bottles.
At present four and a half million chemicals are registered with the chemical abstracts, and thousands of new chemicals are created every year. The proportion and concentration of the chemical, mixture or solution. Safety in simple terms means freedom from the occurrence of risk or injury or loss. Whether a particular hazard listed in this chapter will need to be addressed in a haccp plan will depend on an evaluation of the actual risk and severity of the hazard in the food. A pressure disturbance is generated in to the surrounding medium.
Robertson in addition to those described in chapters 3, 7, 8 and 10 there are a number of other diverse biological, physical and chemical hazards that could be encountered in the. Dangerous properties of industrial materials sax and lewis. Understand the harmful effects of industrial hazards define the relationship between hazard and risk explore the routes of exposure to industrial hazards shed lights on type of toxicity by industrial hazards know the most toxic environmental hazardous substances. Hazards identification and control measures in chemical industrial. Developing reproductive protection programs in industrial and academic settings acs committee on chemical safety. Toxicity or other hazards do not imply an environmental hazard, because elimination by sunlight, water or organisms biological elimination neutralizes many reactive or poisonous substances. Chemical hazards are a major occupational health and safety issue in australian. The hcs defines hazard class as the nature of a physical or health hazard, e. The npg clearly presents key data for chemicals or substance groupings such as cyanides. A chemical hazard is a type of occupational hazard caused by exposure to chemicals in the workplace. The npg gives general industrial hygiene information for hundreds of chemicalsclasses. The manufacturing, processing, transportation, distributionstorage and the applicationuse of many products of these two areas are hazardous. Chap 2 hazards biological, chemical, and physical chapter 2. Almost everyone works with or around chemicals and chemical products every day.
Disaster risk management for health fact sheets global. When complete, the evaluation identifies the hazard classes and associated hazard category of the chemical. Complete information on various types of industrial hazards. The pocket guide presents key information and data in abbreviated tabular form for 677 chemicals or substance groupings commonly found in the work environment. Identify the common physical forms of chemical hazards and the industrial operations that produce or release vapors, mists, dusts, and fumes. Name the three basic routes of exposure to health hazards. Industrial hazard pdf chandigarh college of pharmacy. So, it follows that each chemical presents different hazards. Hazards biological, chemical and physical explanatory note. Chemical hazards and safety management in pharmaceutical industry. Controlling chemical exposure industrial hygiene fact sheets. Chemical hazards in industry royal society of chemistry.
Chemical hazards the hazards presented by any chemical depend upon the properties of that chemical. The effects of workplace hazards on male reproductive health national institute for occupational safety and health. Industrial hazard may be defined as any condition produced by industries that may cause injury or death to personnel or loss of product or property. Industrial hazards is a major issue in present scenario. The chemical industry is acute or longterm detrimental health effects. Objectives of industrial safety understand the harmful effects of industrial hazards define the relationship between hazard and risk explore the routes of exposure to industrial hazards shed lights on type of toxicity by industrial hazards know the most toxic environmental hazardous substances. Major hazard chemicals international labour organization. Material safety data sheets before using any chemical, read the appropriate material safety data sheet msds. Occupational health and safety in chemical industries in. Exposure to chemicals in the workplace can cause acute or longterm detrimental health effects. An average chemical product is passed from factory to factory several times before it emerges into the market. An environmental hazard is a substance, a state or an event which has the potential to threaten the surrounding natural environment or adversely affect peoples health, including n and natural disasters such as storms and earthquakes any single or combination of toxic chemical, biological, or physical agents in the environment, resulting from human activities or natural.
The major disaster threats have emerged in the chemical and nuclear industries. The npg clearly presents key data for chemicals or substance groupings such as cyanides, fluorides, manganese compounds that are found. An industrial washing machine operator died when pulled inside a. Niosh pocket guide to chemical hazards 2005149 3rd. The chemical industry is massive throughout the globe, manufacturing a huge quantity of chemicals annually. Define chemical hazards covered by the hazard communication standard and the two categories into which they are divided. Some industrial plants, by the nature of their activities and the substances they use, constitute haz ards. The following paragraphs highlight some aspects under these two major groups.
Chemical safety is inherently linked to other safety issues including engineering controls. Industrial hazards and safety precautions authorstream. A chemical incident is the unexpected release of a substance that is potentially hazardous either to humans, other animals or the environment. Thus chemical hazards remain a major occupational health and safety ohs issue in australian workplaces. But to use a chemical properly, first we must know the hazards of that chemical. Corrosive hazardsmaterials that cause visible destruction andor irreversible alterations at point of contact. Iffcoaonla has identified this as a major thrust area since. Chemical hazards are a major occupational health and safety ohs issue in pharma industry.
These are the most common and will be present in most workplaces at one time or another. Classification of hazards sudden or slow onset natural physical manmadetechnological weather related meteorological earth movement 1. After brief consideration of the historical context of chemical reactivity and toxicity issues, the chapter addresses acute and chronic exposure, chemical hazard classification systems, and the identification, risk assessment and control of chemical hazards. Types of chemical hazards w examples of each chemical hazard. Introduction hazard is a term associated with a substance that is likelihood to cause an injury in a given environment or situation. For a complete list of oshas spanishlanguage resources, please see spanishlanguage compliance. The effects of workplace hazards on female reproductive health centers for disease control and prevention.
It is time that we deliberate on occupational health and safety in chemical industries in transitional economies. Although approaches to chemical safety differ significantly from country to country, sharing experience on existing practices can provide useful information for planning and taking action leading to the stronger engagement of health. Labels must include the full name of the chemical, hazard pictogram and a brief description of the hazards and precautions to be taken. Chemical industrial workplaces industrial disaster risk management. Inhalation of vapors or mist may cause respiratory irritation. Although they are individual accidents, different in the way in which they happened and the chemicals that were involved, they have one common feature. As new industries develop, existing industries expand, and new technology is introduced, the environment is increasingly placed.
Publications and resources american chemical society. An explosion involves the production of a pressure discontinuity or blast wave resulting from a rapid release of energy. Spills on floors or tripping hazards, such as blocked aisles or cords running across the floor. Contents of the powerpoint on industrial hazards and safety measures include. Raw materials include fossil fuels and inorganic chemicals. Toxic and corrosive chemicals, fire, explosions and personnel falling into accidents are the major health and safety hazards encountered in the operations of chemical and pharmaceutical related industries. Hazard communication chemical hazards and effects reference 1910. Chemical hazards in food include toxic substances that may be produced naturally or those that are added intentionally or unintentionally to food products 19 1.
Selected osha spanishlanguage publications are referenced below. This study guide is intended to accompany the video series safety in the chemical process industries. This manual provides information on recognition of confined spaces and their hazards. Aug 08, 2012 industrial hazards and prevention systems. The quality of the hazard communication program depends on the adequacy and accuracy of the assessment of hazards in the workplace. Each chemical is different from all others because it has properties that are different. Chemical hazards there are three main sources of information used to convey a chemicals hazards chemical manufacturers label supplemental hazard labels material safety data sheets health flammability reactivity. Ppt chemical hazards powerpoint presentation free to.
An msds is a document that details information about chemicals and along with the container label is a good source of information for chemical safety. The first list of standards for chemical exposures in industry maximum allowable. The niosh pocket guide to chemical hazards provides a concise source of general industrial hygiene information for workers, employers, and occupational health professionals. Chemical categories chemicals are basically divided into two categories, such as hazardous chemicals and nonhazardous chemicals. Pdf chemical hazards are a major occupational health and safety ohs issue in pharma industry. Chemical and petrochemical industries are the prime sources of industrial hazards.
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